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Testicle pain

Contents of this page:

Illustrations

Male reproductive anatomy
Male reproductive anatomy

Alternative Names    Return to top

Pain - testicle

Definition    Return to top

Testicle pain is discomfort in one or both testicles. The pain sometimes radiates to the lower abdomen.

Considerations    Return to top

The testicles sit inside the scrotum. They are very sensitive. Even a minor injury can cause pain or discomfort to the testicles. Sudden, severe testicle pain, however, requires immediate medical care.

If a young man has abdominal pain, the scrotum should always be carefully examined. Abdominal pain may occur before testicle pain in some conditions, including testicular torsion. This is a twisting of the testicles that can cut off the blood supply and cause tissue to die. Testicular torsion is an emergency that needs to be treated within hours.

Testicular cancer is usually painless. But any testicle lump should be evaluated by your doctor, whether or not there is pain.

Causes    Return to top

Common causes of testicle pain include:

Possible infections include:

Fluid in the testicles often causes painless swelling, but may cause mild discomfort. There are several main types of fluid collection:

Pain may also be caused by a hernia or an unrelieved erection.

Home Care    Return to top

Some causes of testicle pain, including testicular torsion, can lead to infertility if not treated promptly. Infections also should be examined and treated right away. If the infection is caused by bacteria, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic.

For non-urgent causes of testicle pain, such as minor injuries and fluid collection, the following home care steps may reduce discomfort and swelling. These steps will also help if you have an infection.

When to Contact a Medical Professional    Return to top

Call your doctor immediately or go to an emergency room if:

Also call your doctor right away if:

What to Expect at Your Office Visit    Return to top

Your doctor will perform a physical examination with a focus on the groin, testicles, and abdomen. To help diagnose the cause of the pain, your doctor will ask medical history questions such as:

The following diagnostic tests may be performed:

Treatment may include:

Prevention    Return to top

If you are diagnosed with chlamydia or another STD, all sexual partners should be notified, examined, and treated if infected.

References    Return to top

Kodner C. Sexually transmitted infections in men. Prim Care. 2003;30(1):173-191.

Dogra V. Acute painful scrotum. Radiol Clin North Am. 2004;42(2):349-363.

Update Date: 11/1/2007

Updated by: Marc A. Greenstein, D.O., F.A.C.O.S., Urologist, Somerset Medical Center in Somerville, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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