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Chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy

Contents of this page:

Illustrations

Central nervous system
Central nervous system

Alternative Names    Return to top

Polyneuropathy - chronic inflammatory; CIDP; Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

Definition    Return to top

Chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy is nerve swelling and irritation (inflammation) that leads to a loss of movement or sensation.

Causes    Return to top

Chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy is a common type of damage to nerves outside the brain or spinal cord (peripheral neuropathy). Polyneuropathy means several nerves are involved. It usually affects both sides of the body the same amount.

The cause of chronic inflammatory polyneuropathy is an abnormal immune response. The specific triggers vary. In many cases, the cause is unknown.

It may occur with other conditions, such as:

Guillain-Barre syndrome is a form of inflammatory polyneuropathy that lasts for a shorter time.

Symptoms    Return to top

Other symptoms that can occur with this disease:

Exams and Tests    Return to top

An exam shows:

Tests may include:

Which other tests are done depends on the suspected cause of the condition, and may include x-rays, imaging scans, and blood tests.

Treatment    Return to top

The goal of treatment is to control symptoms. What treatment is given depends on how severe the symptoms are, among other things. The most aggressive treatment is usually only given if you have difficulty walking or if symptoms interfere with your ability to care for yourself or perform work functions.

Treatments include:

Outlook (Prognosis)    Return to top

The outcome varies. The disorder may continue long-term, or you may have repeated episodes of symptoms. Complete recovery is possible, but permanent loss of nerve function is not uncommon.

Possible Complications    Return to top

When to Contact a Medical Professional    Return to top

Call your health care provider if you have a loss of movement or sensation in any area of the body, especially if your symptoms get worse.

Update Date: 9/25/2008

Updated by: Daniel B. Hoch, PhD, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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