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Comprehensive metabolic panel

Contents of this page:

Alternative Names   

Metabolic panel - comprehensive; Chem-20; SMA20; Sequential multi-channel analysis with computer-20; SMAC20; Metabolic panel 20

Definition    Return to top

A comprehensive metabolic panel is a group of chemical tests performed on the blood serum (the part of blood that doesn't contain cells).

These tests include total cholesterol, total protein, and various electrolytes. Electrolytes in the body include sodium, potassium, chlorine, and many others.

The rest of the tests measure chemicals that reflect liver and kidney function.

How the Test is Performed    Return to top

A blood sample is needed. For information on giving a blood sample from a vein, see venipuncture.

How to Prepare for the Test    Return to top

You should not eat or drink for 8 hours before the test.

How the Test Will Feel    Return to top

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

Why the Test is Performed    Return to top

This test helps provide information about your body's metabolism. It give your doctor information about how your kidneys and liver are working, and can be used to evaluate blood sugar, cholesterol, and calcium levels, among other things.

Your doctor may order this test during a yearly exam or routine check up.

Normal Results    Return to top

**Note: Normal or “healthy” values for creatinine can vary with age. Normal value ranges for all tests may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

Key to abbreviations:

What Abnormal Results Mean    Return to top

Abnormal results can be due to a variety of different medical conditions, including kidney failure, breathing problems, and diabetes-related complications. See the individual tests listed in the normal values section for detailed information.

Risks    Return to top

There is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

Update Date: 2/23/2009

Updated by: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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