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Interstitial nephritis

Contents of this page:

Illustrations

Male urinary system
Male urinary system

Alternative Names    Return to top

Tubulointerstitial nephritis; Nephritis - interstitial; Acute interstitial (allergic) nephritis

Definition    Return to top

Interstitial nephritis is a kidney disorder in which the spaces between the kidney tubules become swollen (inflammed). The inflammation can affect the kidneys' ability to filter waste.

Causes    Return to top

Interstitial nephritis may be temporary (acute) or it may be chronic and get worse over time.

The following can cause interstitial nephritis:

The acute form of interstitial nephritis is common. It is most often caused by side effects of certain drugs. This disorder may be more severe and more likely to lead to chronic or permanent kidney damage in elderly people.

Symptoms    Return to top

Interstitial nephritis can cause mild to severe kidney problems, including acute kidney failure. In about half of cases, people will have decreased urine output and other signs of acute kidney failure.

Symptoms of this condition include:

Exams and Tests    Return to top

An exam may show edema or too much fluid. The health care provider might hear abnormal sounds when listening to the heart or lungs with a stethoscope (auscultation). Blood pressure commonly is high.

Common tests include:

Treatment    Return to top

Treatment focuses on the cause of the problem. Avoiding medications that lead to this condition may relieve the symptoms quickly.

Limiting salt (sodium) and fluid in the diet can control swelling and high blood pressure . Also limiting protein can help control the buildup of waste products in the blood (azotemia) that can lead to acute kidney failure.

If dialysis is necessary, it usually is required for only a short time.

Corticosteroids or anti-inflammatory medications can help in some cases.

Outlook (Prognosis)    Return to top

Most often, interstitial nephritis is a short-term disorder. In rare cases, it can cause permanent damage, including chronic kidney failure.

Possible Complications    Return to top

Metabolic acidosis can occur because the kidneys aren't able to remove enough acid. The disorder can lead to acute or chronic kidney failure or end-stage kidney disease.

When to Contact a Medical Professional    Return to top

Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of interstitial nephritis.

If you have interstitial nephritis, call your health care provider if you get new symptoms, especially if you are less alert or have a decrease in urine output.

Prevention    Return to top

In many cases, the disorder can't be prevented. Avoiding or reducing your use of medications that can cause this condition can help reduce your risk.

Update Date: 8/14/2007

Updated by: Charles Silberberg, DO, Private Practice specializing in Nephrology, Affiliated with NY Medical College, Division of Nephrology, Valhalla, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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