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Synovial biopsy

Contents of this page:

Illustrations

Synovial biopsy
Synovial biopsy

Alternative Names    Return to top

Biopsy - synovial membrane

Definition    Return to top

A synovial biopsy is the removal of a piece of tissue lining a joint. The tissue is called the synovial membrane.

How the Test is Performed    Return to top

The test may be done in your health care provider's office. The joint to be biopsied will be positioned precisely so the doctor can easily reach it.

The health care provider will inject a numbing medicine (local anesthetic) into the area.An instrument called a trocar is inserted into the joint space. This tool helps push fluid out of the area. A biopsy needle is inserted through the trocar and turned to cut out a tissue segment.

The tools are removed. The biopsy site is cleaned, and pressure and bandage are applied.

This procedure may also be performed in a hospital using arthroscopy.

How to Prepare for the Test    Return to top

Tell your health care provider:

How the Test Will Feel    Return to top

With the local anesthetic, you will feel a prick and a burning sensation. As the trocar is inserted, there will be some discomfort.

Why the Test is Performed    Return to top

Synovial biopsy helps diagnose gout, bacterial infections, or other infections, and may suggest the presence of inflammatory conditions such as autoimmune disorders.

Normal Results    Return to top

The synovial membrane structure is normal.

What Abnormal Results Mean    Return to top

Synovial biopsy may identify the following conditions:

The test may help diagnose rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.

Risks    Return to top

There is a very slight chance of infection and bleeding. Rarely, there is a chance of the needle striking a nerve or blood vessel.

Update Date: 7/29/2008

Updated by: Thomas N. Joseph, MD, Private Practice specializing in Orthopaedics, subspecialty Foot and Ankle, Camden Bone & Joint, Camden, SC. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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