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Alkalosis

Contents of this page:

Illustrations

Kidneys
Kidneys

Definition    Return to top

Alkalosis is a condition in which the body fluids have excess base (alkali). This is the opposite of excess acid (acidosis).

Causes    Return to top

The lungs and kidneys regulate the acid/base status of the body. Decreased carbon dioxide (an acid) or increased bicarbonate (a base) levels make the body too alkaline, a condition called alkalosis.

Causes of alkalosis:

Symptoms    Return to top

Exams and Tests    Return to top

Tests of pH can show whether you have alkalosis or acidosis. Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate tests indicate whether the cause of alkalosis or acidosis is respiratory (breathing-related) or metabolic (kidney-related).

Tests for alkalosis include:

Treatment    Return to top

Treatment of alkalosis depends on finding the specific cause.

For alkalosis caused by hyperventilation, breathing into a paper bag causes you to retain more carbon dioxide. You may receive oxygen.

Some people need medications to correct chemical loss (such as chloride and potassium). Your health care provider will monitor your vital signs (temperature, pulse, rate of breathing, blood pressure).

Outlook (Prognosis)    Return to top

Most cases of alkalosis respond well to treatment.

Possible Complications    Return to top

When to Contact a Medical Professional    Return to top

Call your health care provider if you become confused, unable to concentrate, or unable to "catch your breath."

A visit to the emergency room or call to the local emergency number (such as 911) is warranted for:

Prevention    Return to top

Prevention depends on the cause of the alkalosis. Normally, people with healthy kidneys and lungs do not significantly experience alkalosis.

Update Date: 11/12/2007

Updated by: Charles Silberberg, D.O., Private Practice specializing in Nephrology, Affiliated with NY Medical College, Division of Nephrology, Valhalla, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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